From what I have been reading some of the older guitars (1940's-1950's) used the same exact (as exact as possible) pickups in the bridge and neck position.
If so, when did the reverse wound pickups start getting popular?
Fender started using reverse wound, reverse polarity middle pickups in '77 or so, but the idea of RWRP had been around for a while since that's how humbuckers work.
So it's possible to use all bridge pickups or all neck pickups in any position on the guitar (besides getting possible feedback depending on guitar location to the amp).
You don't have to use different pickups in different positions. You wouldn't normally use a super high output pickup in the neck position because it would overwhelm the bridge position. The neck position is louder because the strings are vibrating more freely there than by the bridge. But you can balance two identical pickups by simply lowering your neck pickup relative to the bridge pickup.