Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

Pierre

Stratologist
I always notice how popular threads such as 'I want to upgrade this or that on this or that guitar, where should I go, what should I look for, etc...' so eh... I figured a thread with a huge recap of everything could be fun to try. I hope you'll enjoy it!

I'll start using as an example a LP/SG type of guitar. Why? Less parts you can possibly change. I'll probably move on to Strats later.

Possible mods affecting playability:

Mods that can only improve playability if done right:

Setup
90% of guitars in shop aren't setup. If they are, there's a 90% chance it won't be YOUR setup :laugh2: I'm picky. But a setup is quick, cheap and painless and will improve the playability of the guitar. Worth it! (That would include neck relief, bridge setup and pickup height, and you can also request an electronics checkup, fret polishing or whatever you see needed)


New nut
Yep that's right... I have not found a single nut on a single brand new guitar that was properly cut. Have it professionally replaced or do it yourself, it's not that hard though it calls for some tools. A properly cut nut is the key to have the open string height where you want it, to have a good string spacing and of course to have a guitar that STAYS IN TUNE!

Fret dress/level
So far the only one guitar I played that had flawless frets was a Musicman sub. Suffice to say, a well done fretjob is 50 pounds/100 bucks/whatever you pay WELL invested. Your guitar will play noticeably smoother, possibly more in tune depending on the state of the old frets, the action may go lower if that's your thing and overall it'll just be very pleasant.
While you're at it, have the fret ends smoothed over if needed. It'll all feel much better later, trust me. A fret work isn't always considered an upgrade, but it's well worth it.

Upgrades:

New tuners
Contrarily to what has been said...locking tuners aren't the holy grail to improve tuning stability. A good stringing technique is better, and cheaper ;) But some people enjoy them and prefer them, so why not? Either way, if you have an axe with cheap tuners, some better, decent ones by the likes of gotoh, Schaller or Kluson will improve the overall quality of the tuning and will last longer.

New bridge/bridge shims/having your saddles checked out or replaced
It's happened that I had guitars where for instance the saddle radius didn't match the fingerboard's (or fret's, if you're THAT picky ;) ). That's another possible improvement, though the difference is pretty subtle. But it's there. On Floyds and TOM the radius isn't adjustable. You can use shims on Floyd, but you'd need new saddles for a TOM, at the right heights.
A new bridge may improve overall tone, sustain (though sustain is a word you have to use carefully...) and tuning stability. For LPs, the tonepro locking Tune O matic seems pretty cool. For vintage Strat, a more hefty unit with graphite saddles perhaps. It depends on what you want mostly, and there is loads of choice out there (websites to follow).
Saddles are also very prone to wear. They may cause strings to slip out of tune and buzzing. Have them checked, sanded over or replaced. Graphtec is a brand that offers loads of different saddles for different bridges.
For Floyds, an OFR is way better than most licenced Floyds out there. The Gotoh unit are pretty good as well, and Schallers ARE OFRs.
For Strat units, Wilkinson offers a good choice. Be careful of the trem spacing! They may vary from brand to brand.

Neck shim
If your Strat's action is too high for instance... or if when the action is good, the saddle height screws protrude too high and poke you. Placing a shim at the body end of the neck pocket (on bolt on guitars of course) will lower the headstock end of the neck and lower the action overall. You can use thin layers of cardboard or business card paper. A little shim goes a long enough way.
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

Mhmm that's it for now. Of course if you have a Strat you can change EVERYTHING, so I'll go over that later. Now the sound mods.

New pots, wiring, output, switches
Very few brands use top notch electronics. So use thick stranded wire (thick wire = less resistance), keep the lengths short, use good pots, switches and outputs, and you'll have the certainty that your beloved axe's guts are as good as they get. CTS makes great hardware, so does switchcraft. Test pots: they should be within 20% of their stated values. I'm pickier. Be sure to pick the right types too! Pots come in A and B types. Audio (A) pots have a taper with most of the resistance occuring towards the last half of the travel. Linear (B) pots have a uniform resistance, so at 50% travel you will have 50% resistance. Audio taper is often recomended for tone and both can be used for volume... use your ears if you don't like the taper.
The rule of thumb also says to use 250K pots for single coils and 500K for humbuckers. But again, it's YOUR guitar and YOUR ears. As a general rule, an overly bright bucker can be tamed using a 250K pot. In a mixed setting without individual volume pots, you may as well try both and hear which sounds best ;)
For the tone control, you can upgrade the capacitor. Now a new capacitor will not make your guitar sound like Peter Green's Les Paul, or SRV's Strat or whatever. It will have a minimal impact on sound. But it will impact. And a capacitor is so cheap you may as well get the best and not worry about it anymore ;) Orange Drop is a recommended brand. Seymour Duncan (The Man) advises 0.0022uf capacitor in parrallel with a 200K resistor. Again, it's easy to experiment.
You could also replaced one of your volume/tone pot with a pushpull pot of whichever value, and use it to split a humbucker, wire two single coils in series or whatever... Loads of schematics are available online. Experimenting with sounds is fun!

New pickups
Do you have enough output? Do you want a brighter sound? A tighter low end? Are those single coils really for you? Or are those humbuckers too fat, or too smooth? That's when a new pickup can come in handy. You have choices from 20 to 300 of whatever currency you want, so most likely you'll find what you want. If not... ask Seymour.

Ok that covers most of it. If you factor in, say, a Mexican Strat 300 pounds... Add 3 Duncans, second hand, for 30 pounds each from US sellers, add a fret level, new nut and complete setup...done by a tech. Do the electronics yourself. And for 450 tops you have a killer axe with the best upgrades that doesn't involve the whole body or neck.

On a Strat though of course, you can swap EVERYTHING. Neck, pickguard (with electronics), body... Well for any bolt on guitars that is ;) Though be careful, most aftermarket mods are tailored for mainstream brands, so make sure that neck you buy has the correct neck pocket width and depth for the guitar you're planning. Otherwise it may not fit, or may not intonate at all.

Here's a list of good websites, US and British/European.

US:
http://www.stewmac.com/
http://www.allparts.com/
http://wymoreguitars.com/
http://www.warmoth.com/
http://www.usacustomguitars.com/
http://musikraft.3dcartstores.com/
http://www.seymourduncan.com/

UK:
http://www.axesrus.com/
http://www.allparts.uk.com/
http://www.axetec.co.uk/
http://www.bareknucklepickups.co.uk/
http://www.rockinger.com/index.php


Ok... I'm drawing a blank. Feel free to add or ask anything. I know I forgot loads of things, I'll add as I think of it all

Some basic things though...:

If your guitar sounds like ass accoustically, its amplified sound won't get much better. Same, if your guitar is badly conceived from the start... not good. Leo Fender got a lot of things right, namely the wood combination (quite musical sounding, and bright enough to cut through... even though his choice of Alder and Ash was dictated by price mostly), the straight string path on the headstock which help tuning and the versatile sounds (though he conceived the Strat with a 3 way switch only).
Basically if you have a badly conceived guitar where you can't simply change hardware, neck or whatever, you're just going to have to live with it. Not everything can be changed. Remember what makes the strings vibrate: wood and hardware. Electronics just amplify the sound, giving it a little of its character. You're still hearing the guitar through, or many think you should be.

CHEAPEST MODS TO DO A GUITAR:

New strings
New brand of string (you'd be surprised...)
New gauge of string
New picks (HUGE difference in sound, no kidding!!)
New cables
A simple OD pedal in front ;)
 
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Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

P is trying to have another vault thread I see.
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

:laugh2:

Just seeing a lot of the same threads lately.
If this goes into the vault, less people would see it it seems...
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

Another good title for this thread would have been "Common Sense"

If it were common sense you wouldn't get so many people asking 'what should I change in my axe' while it's of course obvious that anything that can be taken off is a possible candidate...
And of course there'd be no threads about pot values, about A or B, about what mods to do to a bridge, asking why shim a neck etc...
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

But those are all very specific problems. I mean trying to solve every problem with every guitar in one single thread kind of defeats the purpose of a multi-topic forum, at least to me. It's cool that you took the time to type this all out, I appreciate your drive to help, but I don't see a quick overview of why general set-up procedures improve your guitar making for less threads about specific people's guitar-related problems.

i dunno, maybe you should write a book.
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

Mostly it's a (very) basic explanation of what people can do, and some good websites. I'm no writer though. Consider this a quick reference before other more complex question if you want. Like I said on the 2nd post, if you feel something's missing or not well explained, say so.
And about your second point, it doesn't. This isn't about specific setup issues, it's about the very basic mods you can do to any guitars in order to improve it. Many people upgrade pickups or want to change the bridge while overlooking what would make for a much more obvious improvement in tone or playability.
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

I think you need a little more experience before you start proclaiming absolutes like this. What you have written may apply to guitars in the sub $300 category but several point are just flat out inaccurate

1) Nuts - They aren't all perfect but you make it sound like only 1 in 1000 are good and that is just not true.

2) Locking tuners - They flat out do function better. Yes, proper string technique makes a difference on traditional tuners. But to suggest that locking tuners offer no advantage (especially with trems) is just not accurate.

3) wiring/electronics - Again, maybe in the sub $300 category but when you get into the mid range and above this isn't really true. People may change them because they like brand names or just enjoy tweaking with their instruments. This doesn't mean the stock equipment is inferior by default

4) Pickups. Same story here. The real low end can be questionable but not always. Gearheads tend to listen with their eyes and not their ears.
 
Re: Upgrading your axe: tutorial.

Sorry, I didn't mean to put these as generalities. Obviously if you buy a Tom Anderson, you'll get flawless nuts and frets. But it's not these people who are interested in modding their guitars usually.

Also I didn't say that locking tuners don't offer advantages. Just that they're not everything there is to staying in tune. Other improvements will affect tuning just as much, while being cheaper.

It's true about the electronics...Except where I live, 300 dollars doesn't even buy you a Squier... you have to count at least 800 pounds to get decent pots etc...in a guitar, and that's close to 1,600USD. Even with the low rates, our guitars are still way more expensive. So for us only the really high end has proper pots and the likes. For 90% of people, new electronics may make a difference. Not as much as new pickups perhaps, but it will.
 
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