Re: Is sustain affected by the age of a guitar string? How? Why?
Welcome to the forum!
Depends on factors, the string metal and how they were played for a start. Depending on the density of the string metal and how hard the player plays, the frets and the bridge are digging into the metal, so the string would not be uniform and solid down it's length after a while. I would assume rust and dirt can minutely change the weight of the string and it's balance for vibration - though I do not know for sure if that really has a noticeable affect. Dirt in the coils of wound strings can provide some dampening of vibration. I can't quantify how much.
You really need to get a string manufacturer or someone who has tested these things to answer. You might try contacting some string makers, or see if they have their own forums to ask on.
Good luck with your science project.